How Much Does An Elk Weigh? (By Age, Gender & Species)

Elks are not a common sight, even in the wild. But when you see them, it is difficult not to marvel at their incredible size (and antlers, if it’s a bull elk).

I still wonder how they are able to carry their thick, heavy bodies on those slender, short legs. If you’re here, you’re probably wondering how heavy an elk is.

So, how much does an elk weigh?

Well, the exact size depends on a few factors such as the gender, age, and species. In general, an adult male elk, also known as a bull, weighs around 700-1,100 pounds. It attains this size at about 7 years of age; this is the largest size. Female elks, on the other hand, have an average weight of 550 pounds.

Let’s delve straight in!

Factors Affecting An Elk’s Weight

There are several factors that can influence the weight of an elk. These include:

Age

As elk age, their weight typically increases until they reach their prime, after which it may begin to decline. This usually happens around age 7 to 8 in males and age 2-14 in females.

Diet

The quality and quantity of food available to elk can significantly impact their weight. Elk primarily feed on grasses, shrubs, and tree bark. An elk with access to abundant, nutrient-rich food sources will typically weigh more than an elk in an area with scarce resources.

Habitat

The habitat in which elk live can also affect their weight, as it influences the availability and quality of food sources. Elk that live in rich, abundant habitats tend to be heavier than those living in more challenging environments.

Genetics

Genetics play a role in determining the size and weight of an elk, with some being predisposed to grow larger or smaller than average, depending on their genetic makeup.

Average Weight of an Elk by Age

Elk weight can change drastically as they grow and mature. Here is a general breakdown of elk weights by age:

Calf (0-1 year): 100-250 pounds (45-110 kg)

Yearling (1-2 years): 250-450 pounds (110-200 kg)
Adult (2+ years): 450-1100 pounds (200-500 kg)

Weight of Elk Subspecies

Below is the weight of six elk subspecies:

Tule Elk

Found in California, Tule elk are smaller compared to other subspecies. Bulls weigh 400-800 pounds (180-365 kg), and cows weigh 300-500 pounds (135-225 kg).

Rocky Mountain Elk

The most common subspecies, these elk are found in the Rocky Mountains and surrounding areas. Bull Rocky Mountain elk typically weigh 700-1,100 pounds (320-500 kg), while cows weigh 500-600 pounds (225-275 kg).

Roosevelt Elk

Native to the Pacific Northwest, Roosevelt elk are larger than their Rocky Mountain counterparts. Male Roosevelts weigh around 900-1,200 pounds (410-545 kg), and cows weigh 600-700 pounds (275-320 kg).

Merriam Elk

The Merriam Elk used to be domiciled in the Southwest United States, specifically in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. They are now extinct. Their scientific name is Cervus canadensis merriami.

Manitoban Elk

The Manitoban Elk, as the name suggests, is found in Manitoba and areas of Saskatchewan, as well as the Great Lakes States. An adult male Manitoban elk weighs around 288 to 478 kilograms (635 to 1,054 lb). The females are lighter and have an average weight of 606 pounds (275 kg).

How much does an elk quarter weigh?

Elk meat is typically divided into four main quarters: the front quarter, hind quarter, backstrap, and tenderloin. The approximate weights for these quarters are:

Front Quarter: 50-80 pounds (23-36 kg)
Hind Quarter: 60-100 pounds (27-45 kg)
Backstrap: 15-30 pounds (7-14 kg)

Tenderloin: 5-10 pounds (2-5 kg)

How Much Does An Elk Weigh? (By Age, Gender & Species)

Factors Affecting An Elk’s Weight

Age